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A rigorous paradigm coordinating components is important in the design stage of large-scale software engineering. In this paper we propose a new Architecture Description Language, called ACDL, to represent the centralized-mode architectural connection in which all components are linked by a single connector. Following one usual approach to architectural description, in which component types and components...
Software architecting entails making architecture decisions, which requires a lot of experience and expertise. Current literature contains several methods and processes to support architects with architecture design, documentation and evaluation but not with the design reasoning involved in decision-making. In order to derive a systematic reasoning process we need to understand the current state of...
Architecture-centric software generation has the potential to support flexible design and large-scale reuse. This paper describes the development of an architecture-centric framework that consists of multiple architecture alternatives, from which the architect can select and generate a working prototype in a top-down manner through a user interface rather than building it from scratch. The framework...
Despite of ongoing development of model-driven development approaches in industry and academia, we believe that in particular for business logic aspects of information systems there is a lack of integrated support considering all phases of a model driven software process, from analysis until code generation. In our work we developed a framework consisting of meta-models, model transformations and...
The importance of modelling the dynamic architectural characteristics of software systems has long been recognised. However, the nature of the dynamic architectural characteristics of service-oriented applications goes beyond what is currently addressed by existing architecture description languages (ADLs). At the heart of the service-oriented approach is the logical separation of service need from...
It has been proposed to make architectural design decisions first-class entities in software architecture representation. The actual means of capturing, representing, and managing architectural design decisions is still an open issue of research. We present an approach for capturing requirements and design decisions during design and development. We integrate design decisions, requirements, scenarios,...
Software systems need software architectures to improve their scalability and maintenance. However, many agile practitioners claim that the upfront design of software architectures is an investment that does not pay off, since customers can rarely appreciate the value delivered by architectures. Furthermore, conventional architectural practices may be considered unacceptable from the Agile values...
In this paper, we present a novel technique for assessing and prioritizing architectural quality in large-scale software development projects. The technique can be applied with relatively little effort by software architects and thus suited for agile development in which quality attributes can be assessed and prioritized, e.g., within each development sprint. We outline the processes and metrics embodied...
Reputation-Based Trust (RBT) model with embedded incentive mechanisms provides an accurate quantitative measurement for services choosing their partners based on fair ratings accumulated from users. These mechanisms stimulate services to offer ratings truthfully, otherwise they lose their gains or even receive penalties. However, leveraging such mechanisms in distributed environments is a challenging...
Due to the lack of both precise definitions and effective software engineering methodologies, security principles are often neglected by software architects, resulting in potentially high-risk threats to the systems. This work lays the formal foundations for the understanding of the least privilege (LP) principle in software architectures and provides a technique to identify LP violations. The proposed...
In this paper, we present the experience of refactoring the architecture of Ginga, the Brazilian Terrestrial Digital TV System (SBTVD) middleware. The main goal of the Ginga refactoring was to increase its configurability, through the automatic management of its variabilities. The resultant middleware, named GingaForAll, is based on a software product line (SPL) architecture, which encompasses both...
Quality goals have to be under a special consideration during software architectural design. Evolvability constitutes a quality goal with a special relevance for business critical systems. Architectural patterns can significantly contribute to the satisfaction of quality goals. But architectural design decisions regarding these goals have to be made in a systematic, methodical way and concerning the...
Although a lot of research has been carried out on the technical architecture of software systems, the domain of Functional Architecture in the software product industry lacks a formalization of the related concepts and practices. Functional Architecture Modeling is essential for identifying the functionalities of the software product and translating them into modules, which interact with each other...
Software architecture may go through many changes during its existence. Architecture evaluation can point out current problems, help to anticipate some of the future changes, and also show the absolute limits of a design. This paper presents experiences from eleven scenario based architecture evaluations with ATAM. The evaluations were completed on a tight two day evaluation schedule. This limited...
In Software Product Lines variability refers to the definition and utilization of differences between several products. Feature Diagrams (FD) are a well-known approach to express variability, and can be used to automate the derivation process. Nevertheless, this may be highly complex due to possible interactions between selected features and the artifacts realizing them. Deriving concrete products...
Numerous design decisions are made in model-based software development which often are not documented explicitly. Hence, the design knowledge is ’in the designers mind’ and communicated orally, if at all, and the rationale behind the decisions is lost. Existing tools tackle this problem for architectural decisions which refer to the higher level architecture of a system. However, these decisions are...
This paper focuses on the business aspects of architecture decision making – in particular how to quantify the customer value of quality improvements to support architecture investment decisions. We developed concepts for quantifying the impact of quality improvements on customer value, customer value-in-use, and customer segments. In two real-life case studies we present (1) how the concept for quantifying...
The ability of systems to adapt is increasingly seen as a necessary underlying capability for modern software systems. The resulting self-adaptive systems are not only supposed to cope with changes, but must also preserve their consistency. To deal with such challenges in a systematic way, the design of self-adaptive systems needs to be put on a formal basis. In this paper, we argue for the benefits...
Architecture-centric, component-based development intensively reuses components from repositories. Such development processes produce architecture definitions, using architecture description languages (Adls). This paper proposes a three step process. Architecture specifications first capture abstract and ideal architectures imagined by architects to meet requirements. Specifications do not describe...
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